Secular humanism

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American Humanist Association President David Niose

Levi Fragell, print

Secular humanism is a philosophy and life stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism and empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The term secular humanism differentiates itself from religious humanism by its explicit rejection of religious views and its focus on secularism and the humanist ethos.

Origins and Development

Secular humanism has its roots in classical philosophy, Renaissance humanism, and the Enlightenment. It emerged as a distinct movement in the 20th century, as thinkers sought to develop a worldview grounded in secular principles. The American Humanist Association and similar groups have played significant roles in defining and promoting secular humanism.

Beliefs and Principles

Secular humanists hold that ethics and morality can be understood without reference to supernatural beliefs, and that moral decisions should be based on consideration of the well-being of humans and other sentient beings. They advocate for science, reason, and evidence-based thinking as the best methods for understanding the universe and solving human problems. Secular humanism also emphasizes the importance of democracy, human rights, and freedom of expression.

Criticism and Controversy

Secular humanism has faced criticism from some religious groups who argue that it represents a worldview that is incompatible with religious faith. Critics often claim that secular humanism lacks a basis for morality and meaning without a belief in the divine. However, secular humanists counter that ethical values can be derived from human needs and interests, and that human life can have meaning through the pursuit of knowledge, love, and creative endeavors.

Secular Humanism in Society

Secular humanism has influenced various aspects of modern society, including education, politics, and law. It has been a driving force behind movements for secularization, the separation of church and state, and the promotion of secular ethics in public decision-making. Secular humanist organizations and communities exist worldwide, advocating for secularism and humanist values.

See Also

• Humanism
• Atheism
• Agnosticism
• Rationalism
• Empiricism
• Secular ethics