Senna (plant)

Senna is a large genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, and the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. This genus includes herbs, shrubs, and trees.

Description

Members of the Senna genus grow in temperate to tropical climates and are typically found in open, sunny locations. They are known for their pinnately compound leaves and their distinctive yellow or orange flowers. The fruit of Senna plants is a legume, which can be either a pod or a capsule depending on the species.

Uses

Senna plants have a variety of uses. Some species are used as ornamental plants due to their attractive flowers and foliage. Others are used in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine. The leaves and pods of Senna alexandrina, for example, are used as a laxative due to their high sennoside content.

Species

There are approximately 260-350 species of Senna worldwide. Some of the most well-known species include:

• Senna alexandrina: Also known as Alexandrian senna, it is used in herbalism and produces a laxative effect.
• Senna alata: Known as the candle bush, it is used in traditional medicine for skin conditions such as ringworm.
• Senna didymobotrya: Commonly known as African senna, it is used as an ornamental plant.
• Senna occidentalis: Also known as coffee senna, it is considered a weed in many places but is also used in traditional medicine.

Cultivation

Senna plants are generally easy to grow and are often used in xeriscaping, a type of landscaping that reduces or eliminates the need for supplemental water. They prefer full sun and well-drained soil.

Conservation

Several species of Senna are considered threatened or endangered due to habitat loss and overharvesting. Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect these species and their habitats.

See also

• List of Senna species
• Cassia (genus)

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