Seriema

Pedreira-19 (41407614112)

Blacklegged

Cariama cristata (Rotfußseriema - Red-legged Seriema) - Weltvogelpark Walsrode 2013-01

Cariama-cristata-DC

Red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata) head

Idiornis tuberculata

Seriema is a term used to refer to a group of large, terrestrial birds that belong to the family Cariamidae. This family is native to South America and consists of two existing species, which are the Red-legged Seriema (Cariama cristata) and the Black-legged Seriema (Chunga burmeisteri). These birds are notable for their long legs, necks, and tails, which give them a distinctive appearance reminiscent of a small ostrich or emu, though they are not closely related to these birds. Seriemas inhabit open and semi-open landscapes, including grasslands, savannas, and lightly wooded areas.

Description

Seriemas are medium to large-sized birds, with the Red-legged Seriema reaching up to 90 cm (35 in) in height and the Black-legged Seriema slightly smaller. They have a predominantly grey and brown plumage, which helps them blend into their grassland habitats. Their long legs are adapted for running, allowing them to escape predators by swiftly moving through the underbrush rather than flying, although they are capable of flight. Seriemas have strong, hooked beaks for killing prey, which includes insects, snakes, lizards, small mammals, and occasionally birds.

Behavior

Seriemas are diurnal birds, most active during the day. They are known for their loud, distinctive calls that can be heard over long distances, serving as communication between individuals and pairs. These birds are primarily terrestrial, spending most of their time on the ground, where they hunt for food. They are omnivorous, with a diet that includes a wide variety of animals and some plant matter.

Reproduction

The breeding season of seriemas varies depending on their geographical location. They are monogamous birds, with pairs forming strong bonds. Nests are built on the ground or in low bushes and are constructed from sticks and leaves. The female typically lays two to three eggs, which are incubated by both parents. The chicks are precocial, meaning they are relatively mature and mobile from the moment of hatching.

Conservation

Currently, both species of seriemas are listed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), indicating that they are not at immediate risk of extinction in the wild. However, they face threats from habitat destruction and degradation, primarily due to agricultural expansion and deforestation. Conservation efforts are focused on habitat protection and management to ensure the long-term survival of these unique birds.

Cultural Significance

In their native South America, seriemas have been part of local culture and folklore. They are often seen as symbols of the open grasslands and savannas, and their calls are considered iconic sounds of these landscapes.