Serotonin releasing agent

Serotonin releasing agents (SRAs) are a type of drug that induces the release of serotonin into the neuronal synapse. They are commonly used in the treatment of various conditions, including depression, anxiety, and obesity.

Mechanism of Action

SRAs work by increasing the amount of serotonin in the brain. They do this by binding to the serotonin transporter (SERT), which is responsible for the reuptake of serotonin back into the neuron. By blocking this reuptake, SRAs allow more serotonin to be available in the synapse, leading to increased serotonergic activity.

Types of Serotonin Releasing Agents

There are several different types of SRAs, including:

• Amphetamines: These drugs, such as dextroamphetamine and methamphetamine, are potent SRAs. They are often used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.

• MDMA: Also known as ecstasy, this drug is a potent SRA and is often used recreationally. It has also been investigated for its potential use in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

• Fenfluramine: This drug was once used as an appetite suppressant in the treatment of obesity, but was withdrawn from the market due to concerns about heart valve disease.

Side Effects

The use of SRAs can lead to a number of side effects, including:

• Serotonin syndrome: This is a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur with excessive serotonergic activity. Symptoms can include agitation, restlessness, confusion, rapid heart rate, dilated pupils, loss of muscle coordination, heavy sweating, diarrhea, headache, shivering, and goosebumps.

• Neurotoxicity: Some SRAs, such as MDMA, have been associated with neurotoxic effects, potentially leading to long-term damage to serotonin neurons.

• Dependence and withdrawal: Some SRAs, particularly amphetamines, can lead to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued.

See Also

• Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
• Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors