Serous membrane

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Serous membrane or serosa is a smooth tissue membrane consisting of two layers of mesothelium, which secrete serous fluid. The inner layer that covers organs (viscera) in body cavities is called the visceral membrane. A second layer of epithelial cells of the serosa, called the parietal layer, lines the body wall.

Structure[edit | edit source]

Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from muscle movement. Serosae have special names given to them, and are classified into:

  • Pleura: The pleural serosa, in the thoracic cavity, is divided into the parietal pleura (lining the inside of the body wall) and the visceral pleura (covering the lungs).
  • Peritoneum: The peritoneal serosa, in the abdominal cavity, is divided into the parietal peritoneum (lining the inside of the body wall) and the visceral peritoneum (covering the abdominal organs).
  • Pericardium: The pericardial serosa, in the pericardial cavity, is divided into the parietal pericardium (lining the inside of the body wall) and the visceral pericardium (covering the heart).

Function[edit | edit source]

The serous membranes produce serous fluid, a thin, watery form of lubrication that allows organs to slide against each other without causing damage during muscle contractions.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Inflammation of the serous membranes often results in serous fluid build-up in the serous cavities, a condition known as an effusion. This can occur in various diseases, such as pleurisy and peritonitis.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]


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