Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase

Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase

Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), also known as Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the metabolism of amino acids. It is primarily found in the liver, heart, and muscles, and is released into the bloodstream when these tissues are damaged.

Function

SGOT is involved in the transamination process, which is essential for the synthesis and degradation of amino acids. It catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group from aspartate to α-ketoglutarate, producing oxaloacetate and glutamate. This reaction is a key step in the citric acid cycle, which is crucial for energy production in cells.

Clinical Significance

The measurement of SGOT levels in the blood is a common diagnostic test used to assess liver function. Elevated levels of SGOT can indicate liver damage or disease, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. It can also be elevated in conditions affecting the heart, such as myocardial infarction, or in muscle disorders.

Normal Range

The normal range for SGOT levels in the blood is typically between 5 and 40 units per liter (U/L). However, this range can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and the method used for measurement.

Causes of Elevated SGOT

• Liver disease: Hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer
• Heart disease: Myocardial infarction
• Muscle disorders: Muscular dystrophy, trauma
• Other conditions: Pancreatitis, hemolytic anemia

Diagnosis and Testing

SGOT levels are measured as part of a liver function test panel. It is often tested alongside Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), also known as Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), to provide a more comprehensive assessment of liver health. The ratio of AST to ALT can also provide diagnostic information, with a higher ratio suggesting alcoholic liver disease.

Treatment

Treatment for elevated SGOT levels depends on the underlying cause. Addressing the primary condition, such as treating hepatitis or managing heart disease, can help normalize SGOT levels. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing alcohol consumption and maintaining a healthy diet, can also support liver health.

Also see

• Alanine Aminotransferase
• Liver function tests
• Hepatitis
• Myocardial infarction