Sickle-cell trait

Sickle-cell trait is a genetic condition where an individual has one normal hemoglobin gene and one defective form of the gene. People with sickle-cell trait are carriers of the sickle-cell disease, but they do not usually experience the symptoms of the disease. However, they can pass the trait to their offspring.

Genetics

Sickle-cell trait is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means that both parents must carry the trait for a child to be affected by sickle-cell disease. If both parents have the trait, there is a 25% chance that their child will have sickle-cell disease, a 50% chance that their child will also be a carrier, and a 25% chance that their child will not carry the trait.

Symptoms and Complications

While individuals with sickle-cell trait generally do not show symptoms, in rare cases, they can experience complications. These complications are usually related to intense physical activity or high altitude, and can include muscle breakdown, reduced oxygen supply to the spleen, and blood in the urine.

Diagnosis

Sickle-cell trait can be diagnosed through a simple blood test. This test checks for the presence of hemoglobin S, the defective form of hemoglobin that causes sickle-cell disease. Prenatal testing is also available.

Management and Prognosis

There is no cure for sickle-cell trait, as it is a genetic condition. However, individuals with the trait can live normal, healthy lives. They should be aware of the potential complications and take precautions when engaging in intense physical activity or traveling to high altitudes.

See Also

• Sickle-cell disease
• Hemoglobin
• Genetic disorder
• Autosomal recessive inheritance

References

Sickle-cell trait Resources
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