Silybin

Silybin (also known as silibinin) is a flavonolignan compound that is the most active constituent of silymarin, a standardized extract of the milk thistle seeds, containing a mixture of flavonolignans. It is an antioxidant, a free-radical scavenger, and an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Silybin also has been shown to have hepatoprotective (liver-protecting) properties.

Chemical Structure

Silybin is a polyphenolic flavonoid derivative, with its structure containing a unique 1,4-benzodioxane moiety, making it a unique and potent antioxidant. It is a conjugate of two molecules, namely taxifolin and coniferyl alcohol, linked together by an oxidative coupling to form a single molecule.

Pharmacology

Silybin has been shown to have several pharmacological effects. It has antioxidant properties, which help to maintain the integrity of cell membranes, reduce the production of free radicals and oxidative stress, and prevent lipid peroxidation. It also has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which help to modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation.

Clinical Uses

Silybin is used in the treatment of various liver disorders, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and fatty liver disease. It is also used in the treatment of gallbladder disorders. It has been shown to improve liver function and increase survival in patients with cirrhosis. It is also used as an antidote for Amanita phalloides (death cap) mushroom poisoning.

Safety and Toxicity

Silybin is generally considered safe and well-tolerated, with few side effects. However, some people may experience gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea, diarrhea, or bloating. It is not recommended for use in pregnant or breastfeeding women, or in children, due to a lack of safety data.

See Also

• Silymarin
• Milk thistle
• Flavonolignan
• Antioxidant
• Hepatoprotective

Silybin Resources
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