Sistema Ox Bel Ha

Sistema Ox Bel Ha is the longest explored underwater cave system located in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. It is a part of the extensive Quintana Roo Speleological Survey (QRSS) and is recognized for its significant contribution to the field of speleology and hydrogeology.

Overview

Sistema Ox Bel Ha, meaning "Three Paths of Water" in the Mayan language, extends over 270 kilometers and reaches depths of up to 118 meters. The system is primarily a horizontal cave with three main passages, hence the name. It is a phreatic cave system, meaning it was formed under water, in the soluble rock of the Yucatan Peninsula.

Exploration

The exploration of Sistema Ox Bel Ha began in the mid-1990s by a team of cave divers led by Steve Bogaerts and Bil Phillips. The exploration has led to the discovery of numerous cenotes, or natural sinkholes, which are significant to the Mayan culture. The cenotes serve as the primary access points to the cave system.

Hydrogeology

The Sistema Ox Bel Ha plays a crucial role in the hydrogeology of the Yucatan Peninsula. It is a conduit for the flow of fresh water from the interior of the peninsula to the coastal areas. The fresh water from the cave system eventually discharges into the Caribbean Sea, influencing the coastal ecology.

Biodiversity

The cave system is home to a diverse range of aquatic life, including several species of fish and crustaceans. Some of these species are troglobites, organisms that have adapted to live in the dark, nutrient-poor environment of the caves.

Conservation

The Sistema Ox Bel Ha is under threat from development and pollution. Conservation efforts are being made by various organizations, including the QRSS, to protect this unique and fragile ecosystem.

See also

• Cave diving
• Cenotes of the Yucatan Peninsula
• Underwater caves

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