Soda ash

Soda ash, also known as sodium carbonate, is a white, crystalline, hygroscopic and often transparent solid. It is commonly used in the manufacture of glass, chemicals, soaps, and detergents. Soda ash is also used in water treatment, to neutralize acidic water, and as a pH regulator to maintain stable alkaline conditions necessary for the action of the majority of photographic developers.

History

The earliest known production of soda ash occurred in ancient Egypt, around 3500 BC. The Egyptians used the natural deposits of trona, found in dry lake beds, to create soda ash, which was used in glass making, baking, and in the mummification process.

Production

Soda ash is produced through the Solvay process, a major industrial process that has been used for the production of sodium carbonate since the 1860s. The Solvay process uses salt (sodium chloride) and limestone (calcium carbonate) as raw materials. Through a series of reactions, these substances are converted into soda ash and calcium chloride.

Uses

Soda ash has a wide variety of uses. It is used in the production of glass, where it reduces the melting temperature of the sand used in glass formation and helps in the 'workability' or shaping of glass articles such as tableware and float glass. It is also used in the production of detergents and soaps, where it acts as a builder or filler to give the detergent its bulk.

Health and safety

Exposure to soda ash can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It can cause severe burns and eye damage. Ingestion of soda ash can lead to a burning sensation, abdominal pain, and possible shock.

See also

• Sodium bicarbonate
• Sodium hydroxide
• Sodium chloride
• Sodium sulfate

References

Soda ash Resources
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