Solid

Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being liquid, gas, and plasma). The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy. A solid is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas does. The atoms in a solid are bound to each other, either in a regular geometric lattice (crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary ice), or irregularly (an amorphous solid such as common window glass).

Properties

The defining characteristic of a solid is structural rigidity. In a crystalline solid, the atoms are tightly bound to each other in a regular geometric lattice. An amorphous solid, on the other hand, lacks a defined shape, has a less ordered atomic structure, and can flow slowly.

Types of Solids

Solids can be classified based on different properties, including their binding forces, patterns of atomic arrangement, and their properties of conductivity.

Crystalline Solids

Crystalline solids consist of atoms, ions, or molecules arranged in regular, repeating lattices. Examples include salt, diamond, and many metals.

Amorphous Solids

Amorphous solids have disordered atomic structures. Although they have a definite shape, they lack a clear, repeating pattern across their entire structure. Examples include glass, rubber, and many plastics.

See Also

• Liquid
• Gas
• Plasma (physics)
• State of matter
• Crystalline solid
• Amorphous solid

Solid Resources
Latest articles Most recent articles Ongoing trials	Wikipedia