Spinal anesthesia

Spinal anesthesia (or spinal anaesthesia), also called spinal block, is a form of Regional anesthesia involving the injection of a local anesthetic into the subarachnoid space, generally through a fine needle, usually 9 cm (3.5 in) long. It is a safe and effective form of anesthesia performed by anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists which can be used as an alternative to general anesthesia commonly in surgeries involving the lower extremities and surgeries below the umbilicus.

Procedure

The patient is typically in a sitting position or lying on their side when a local anesthetic is injected into their lower back, into the Subarachnoid space. This numbs the Spinal nerves in the immediate area, causing anesthesia in the lower part of the body. The effects typically last a few hours, but may take several hours to wear off completely.

Uses

Spinal anesthesia is commonly used for surgeries of the lower limbs and lower abdomen. It is also used for pain management during labor and delivery, and in some diagnostic procedures.

Risks and Complications

As with all medical procedures, spinal anesthesia carries some risk. These can include Headaches, low blood pressure, and damage to the nerves. In rare cases, severe complications can occur, such as a severe headache, prolonged nerve damage, or infection.

History

Spinal anesthesia was first used in the late 19th century, with the first recorded use by August Bier in 1898.

See also

• Epidural anesthesia
• Local anesthesia
• General anesthesia

Spinal anesthesia Resources
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