Stem cell factor

Stem cell factor (SCF) is a cytokine that binds to the c-Kit receptor (CD117). SCF can exist both as a soluble and a membrane bound form. The soluble form is a product of alternative splicing, and the membrane bound form is the primary transcript. SCF plays a crucial role in cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. It is vital for hematopoiesis, spermatogenesis, and melanogenesis.

Function

SCF is a growth factor important for the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells. SCF and c-Kit are essential for hematopoiesis, spermatogenesis, and melanogenesis. In the hematopoietic system, SCF promotes the survival of progenitor cells and acts synergistically with other growth factors to stimulate proliferation, differentiation, and functional activation of hematopoietic cells.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the gene encoding SCF or c-Kit can result in several medical conditions. For example, mutations in c-Kit have been associated with a variety of cancers, including mast cell disease, acute myeloid leukemia, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. SCF has been used clinically to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells in patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. It has also been used in combination with other growth factors to promote the ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells.

See also

• Cytokine
• Hematopoiesis
• Spermatogenesis
• Melanogenesis

References

• Alternative splicing of SCF
  Alternative splicing of SCF
• SCF in hematopoietic stem cell niche
  SCF in hematopoietic stem cell niche
• KIT expression in hematopoietic cells
  KIT expression in hematopoietic cells