Port (medical)

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Port (medical)





This medical device related article is a stub.


A port (also known as a port-a-cath) is a small medical appliance that is installed beneath the skin. A catheter connects the port to a vein. Under the skin, the port has a septum through which drugs can be injected and blood samples can be drawn many times, usually with less discomfort for the patient than a more typical "needle stick".

Uses[edit | edit source]

Ports are used primarily to treat hematological and oncological diseases. They are commonly used for patients undergoing chemotherapy, as they allow for repeated access to the venous system without the need for multiple needle sticks. Ports are also used for antibiotic therapy, parenteral nutrition, and other treatments that require frequent or continuous venous access.

Types[edit | edit source]

There are several types of ports, including:

  • Implantable ports: These are completely implanted under the skin and are accessed with a special needle.
  • Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC): These are inserted through a peripheral vein and advanced to a central vein.

Complications[edit | edit source]

While ports are generally safe, they can have complications such as:

  • Infection: Ports can become infected, which may require removal.
  • Thrombosis: Blood clots can form in the catheter or the vein.
  • Catheter occlusion: The catheter can become blocked, preventing the flow of fluids.

Procedure[edit | edit source]

The procedure to implant a port is usually performed by an interventional radiologist or a surgeon. It is typically done under local anesthesia and sedation. The port is placed under the skin, usually in the chest, and the catheter is threaded into a large vein, often the superior vena cava.

Maintenance[edit | edit source]

Ports require regular maintenance to ensure they function properly. This includes flushing the port with heparin or saline to prevent clotting and checking for signs of infection or other complications.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]


External links[edit | edit source]

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