Sulfisoxazole diolamine

Sulfisoxazole diolamine is a sulfonamide antibiotic used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. It is a derivative of sulfisoxazole, a sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits the growth of bacteria by interfering with their ability to synthesize folic acid.

Mechanism of Action

Sulfisoxazole diolamine, like other sulfonamides, inhibits the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria. It does this by competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) for the active site of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. This prevents the formation of dihydropteroic acid, a precursor to folic acid, thereby inhibiting bacterial growth.

Uses

Sulfisoxazole diolamine is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and skin infections. It is also used in combination with other drugs to treat malaria and toxoplasmosis.

Side Effects

Common side effects of sulfisoxazole diolamine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rash. In rare cases, it can cause serious side effects such as anemia, hepatitis, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Contraindications

Sulfisoxazole diolamine is contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to sulfonamides, in patients with severe renal impairment, and in pregnant women due to the risk of kernicterus in the newborn.

Drug Interactions

Sulfisoxazole diolamine can interact with several other drugs, including methotrexate, warfarin, and certain antidiabetic drugs. These interactions can increase the risk of side effects and decrease the effectiveness of the drugs.

See Also

• Sulfonamides
• Antibiotics
• Bacterial Infections