Superior phrenic arteries

Diagram of the human heart, with the superior phrenic arteries labeled at the top.

The Superior Phrenic Arteries are small arteries in the human body that supply blood to the diaphragm, the primary muscle involved in respiration. They are typically branches of the thoracic aorta, the main artery carrying blood away from the heart.

Anatomy

The superior phrenic arteries usually arise from the thoracic aorta, although they can also originate from the axillary artery or the internal thoracic artery. They travel downwards to reach the diaphragm, where they divide into numerous smaller branches. These branches penetrate the diaphragm and supply it with oxygenated blood.

Function

The primary function of the superior phrenic arteries is to supply the diaphragm with blood. The diaphragm is a crucial muscle for respiration, as it contracts and relaxes to allow the lungs to fill with air and then expel it. By supplying the diaphragm with oxygenated blood, the superior phrenic arteries enable it to function effectively.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the superior phrenic arteries can lead to impaired function of the diaphragm, which can in turn lead to respiratory problems. In addition, because these arteries are located near the heart and lungs, they can be affected by conditions such as aortic aneurysms and thoracic outlet syndrome.

See Also

• Inferior phrenic arteries
• Thoracic aorta
• Diaphragm (anatomy)