TAS2R1

TAS2R1 is a gene that encodes a protein known as a bitter taste receptor. This receptor is part of the TAS2R family of taste receptors, which are responsible for the perception of bitterness in humans and other animals.

Function

The TAS2R1 gene is expressed in the taste bud cells of the tongue and palate epithelium. The protein it encodes, TAS2R1, is a G protein-coupled receptor that interacts with the G protein, gustducin, to signal the presence of bitter compounds. This interaction triggers a series of reactions that result in the perception of bitterness.

Genetic variation

Variations in the TAS2R1 gene can affect an individual's sensitivity to bitter tastes. Some alleles of this gene are associated with a heightened sensitivity to certain bitter compounds, while others are associated with a reduced sensitivity. This genetic variation may have evolutionary implications, as a heightened sensitivity to bitterness can help to protect against the consumption of toxic plants or spoiled foods.

Clinical significance

Research into the TAS2R1 gene and its associated protein may have implications for the treatment of conditions such as obesity and diabetes. Some studies suggest that manipulating the activity of bitter taste receptors could help to regulate appetite and food intake, potentially offering a new approach to weight management and metabolic health.

See also

• Taste receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Taste bud