TMJ disorders

Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMJ Disorders) are a group of conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and the muscles that control jaw movement. The temporomandibular joint is the hinge joint that connects the lower jaw (mandible) to the temporal bone of the skull, which is immediately in front of the ear on each side of the head. TMJ disorders are a complex and poorly understood set of conditions that can cause pain in the jaw joint and in the muscles that control jaw movement.

Causes

The exact cause of a person's TMJ disorder is often difficult to determine. Your pain may be due to a combination of factors, such as genetics, arthritis, or jaw injury. Some people who have jaw pain also tend to clench or grind their teeth (bruxism), although many people habitually clench or grind their teeth and never develop TMJ disorders.

Symptoms

TMJ disorders can cause a variety of symptoms, including:

• Pain or tenderness in the jaw
• Aching pain in and around your ear
• Difficulty chewing or discomfort while chewing
• Aching facial pain
• Locking of the joint, making it difficult to open or close your mouth
• Clicking, popping, or grating sounds in the jaw joint when opening or closing the mouth

Diagnosis

Diagnosing TMJ disorders can be complex and may require several tests, including physical examination, dental X-rays, and MRI or CT scans to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for TMJ disorders can vary widely and might include:

• Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications
• Muscle relaxants
• Mouth guards or oral splints
• Physical therapy
• Counseling
• Surgery, in severe cases

Prevention

Preventive measures for TMJ disorders include:

• Avoiding overuse of jaw muscles
• Eating soft foods
• Practicing good posture
• Reducing stress
• Avoiding teeth grinding

See Also

• Bruxism
• Arthritis
• Jaw Pain
• Physical Therapy