TSNA

TSNA or Tobacco-specific nitrosamines are a group of carcinogens found predominantly in tobacco products. They are produced during the curing, fermentation, and aging of tobacco. TSNA are among the most potent carcinogens present in smokeless tobacco, snuff, and cigarette smoke.

Formation and Presence

TSNA are formed from nicotine and other tobacco alkaloids during the curing, fermentation, and aging of tobacco. The formation of TSNA is influenced by various factors such as the type of tobacco, the curing method, the fermentation conditions, and the aging time. The highest levels of TSNA are found in fire-cured and air-cured tobaccos, which are used in the production of cigars, pipe tobacco, and smokeless tobacco products.

Health Effects

TSNA are potent carcinogens. They are associated with various types of cancer, including lung cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and oral cancer. The risk of developing these cancers is higher in individuals who use tobacco products, particularly those who use smokeless tobacco products.

Regulation

In many countries, the levels of TSNA in tobacco products are regulated. The World Health Organization recommends that countries establish maximum levels for TSNA in smokeless tobacco products. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration has the authority to regulate the levels of TSNA in tobacco products.

See Also

• Carcinogen
• Nicotine
• Tobacco

TSNA Resources
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