Tachykinin receptor 3

Tachykinin receptor 3 (TACR3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TACR3 gene. It is a member of the tachykinin receptor subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors that respond to the neuropeptide neurokinin B. This receptor is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system and plays a role in neurological processes and pain perception.

Function

Tachykinin receptor 3 is involved in various biological functions primarily mediated by its high affinity for the peptide neurokinin B, which is a member of the tachykinin peptide family. Neurokinin B binds to TACR3 triggering a series of intracellular events that influence neuronal excitability, neurotransmitter release, and the modulation of pain signals and other sensory processes.

Clinical Significance

Mutations in the TACR3 gene are associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a condition characterized by delayed or absent puberty and an impaired sense of smell. This is due to the role of TACR3 in regulating the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is critical for the initiation and maintenance of puberty.

Pharmacology

Agonists for TACR3 include neurokinin B and the synthetic peptide senktide, both of which mimic the natural ligand's action at the receptor. Conversely, SB-222200 acts as an antagonist and blocks the receptor's function, which can be useful in experimental models to understand the physiological and pathological roles of TACR3.

See also

• Tachykinin receptors
• Neurokinin A
• Neurokinin B
• G protein-coupled receptor