Tenth cranial nerve

Tenth Cranial Nerve

The Tenth Cranial Nerve, also known as the Vagus Nerve, as depicted in Gray's Anatomy.

The Tenth Cranial Nerve, also known as the Vagus Nerve, is one of the most important nerves in the human body. It is primarily responsible for the regulation of internal organ functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate.

Anatomy

The Vagus Nerve is the longest cranial nerve, extending from the brainstem to the abdomen by way of multiple organs including the heart, esophagus, and lungs. It is part of the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the body's 'rest and digest' functions.

Function

The Vagus Nerve has a broad range of functions, including:

• Heart rate regulation: The Vagus Nerve sends signals to slow the heart rate.
• Digestion: It stimulates the digestive tract to process food and absorb nutrients.
• Breathing: It sends signals to the lungs to breathe.
• Swallowing and speech: The Vagus Nerve controls muscles in the throat that allow swallowing and speech.

Clinical significance

Damage to the Vagus Nerve can cause difficulties with speech, swallowing, and other functions it controls. It can also lead to a condition known as Vagus Nerve Disorder, which can cause a variety of symptoms including heart palpitations, difficulty swallowing, and gastrointestinal problems.

See also

• Cranial nerves
• Parasympathetic nervous system
• Vagus Nerve Stimulation

External links

• Medical Encyclopedia: Cranial Nerves
• Neuroanatomy: Cranial Nerves