Terminal end bud

Terminal End Bud

The Terminal End Bud (TEB) is a key structure in the Mammary gland development. It is the primary site of ductal elongation and branching during the process of mammary gland development. The TEB is a highly proliferative structure that is responsible for the extension of the ductal tree within the mammary gland.

Structure

The TEB is composed of an outer layer of cap cells and an inner layer of body cells. The cap cells are in direct contact with the surrounding stroma and are thought to be the source of stem cells in the mammary gland. The body cells are responsible for the production of the ductal lumen.

Function

The TEB is responsible for the elongation and branching of the ductal tree within the mammary gland. This is achieved through a process of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The cap cells at the tip of the TEB proliferate and invade the surrounding stroma, while the body cells undergo apoptosis to form the ductal lumen.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in TEB formation and function can lead to a variety of breast diseases, including breast cancer. Studies have shown that the TEB is a site of origin for many types of breast cancer, and that alterations in the normal process of TEB development can lead to the formation of pre-cancerous lesions.

See also

• Mammary gland
• Breast cancer
• Stem cell