Tetragonia

Tetragonia tetragonioides habit

Tetragonia decumbens03

Tetragonia echinata0

Tetragonia implexicoma habit

Tetragonia ovata, Aizoaceae (8464390152)

Tetragonia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Aizoaceae. The genus is named after the Greek word tetragonos (τετράγωνος), meaning "square," referring to the shape of the plant's seeds or leaves in some species. Tetragonia species are commonly known as New Zealand spinach or ice plant and are found in temperate and subtropical regions worldwide. The most well-known species within this genus is Tetragonia tetragonioides, widely cultivated as a leafy vegetable for its edible, succulent leaves.

Description

Plants in the Tetragonia genus are annual or perennial, ground-hugging herbs. They have succulent stems and leaves, which are a mechanism for storing water, making them well-suited to dry environments. The leaves are simple, broad, and often have a slightly triangular shape. Flowers are small, yellow, and inconspicuous, usually appearing in the summer. The fruit is a small, horned, capsule-like structure containing seeds that are angular or square in shape.

Distribution and Habitat

Tetragonia species are native to several parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Chile, and the Mediterranean region. They thrive in a variety of habitats, from coastal dunes to inland rocky sites. These plants are adapted to a range of environmental conditions, from semi-arid regions to areas with moderate rainfall.

Cultivation and Uses

Tetragonia tetragonioides is the most widely cultivated species for its edible leaves, which can be used in salads or cooked like spinach. The plant is valued for its tolerance to saline soils and drought, making it a useful crop in challenging growing conditions. It is also grown as an ornamental plant in gardens for its attractive foliage and ground-covering habit.

Tetragonia plants are relatively easy to grow from seed and prefer well-drained soil and a sunny position. They are tolerant of poor soils and do not require much fertilizer. Regular watering is necessary for optimum growth, especially in dry conditions.

Conservation

While some species of Tetragonia are widely cultivated and not considered at risk, others may be threatened by habitat loss and over-collection. Conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the survival of less common species within the genus.

See Also

• Aizoaceae
• Vegetable
• Succulent plant
• Spinach