Three Hours' Agony

Alonso Messia SJ, Devotion a la tres horas

Three Hours' Agony refers to the Christian devotion that commemorates the Passion of Jesus Christ, specifically focusing on the final three hours he spent on the Cross. This period, traditionally observed between noon and 3 p.m. on Good Friday, reflects the time frame mentioned in the Gospels during which Jesus endured suffering on the cross before his death. The devotion is observed by Christians around the world as a time of prayer, reflection, and meditation on the suffering and sacrifice of Jesus for the salvation of humanity.

Origins and History

The practice of meditating on the Passion of Christ, particularly the last three hours, has ancient roots in Christian tradition. However, the specific devotion known as the Three Hours' Agony gained prominence in the 18th century, attributed to the efforts of Saint Alphonsus Liguori, a Catholic bishop and theologian. He composed various prayers and meditations focusing on the seven last words of Jesus on the cross, which are central to the devotion.

Observance and Practices

During the Three Hours' Agony, participants engage in various spiritual activities, including reading the Gospel accounts of Jesus' Passion, meditating on his seven last words, and participating in liturgical services. These practices are designed to foster a deeper understanding and appreciation of the sacrifice of Jesus, encouraging a spirit of repentance and conversion among the faithful.

Churches may organize special services that include hymns, sermons, and moments of silent reflection. In some traditions, the Stations of the Cross, a devotion that commemorates Jesus' journey to Calvary, are also prayed during this time.

The Seven Last Words

A central element of the Three Hours' Agony devotion is the meditation on the seven last words of Jesus on the cross. These are:

1. "Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do." (Luke 23:34) 2. "Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise." (Luke 23:43) 3. "Woman, behold, your son! Then he said to the disciple, 'Behold, your mother!'" (John 19:26–27) 4. "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" (Matthew 27:46 and Mark 15:34) 5. "I thirst." (John 19:28) 6. "It is finished." (John 19:30) 7. "Father, into your hands I commit my spirit." (Luke 23:46)

Significance

The Three Hours' Agony is a profound devotion that allows believers to enter into the mystery of Jesus' Passion and death. It serves as a reminder of the immense love and mercy of God, as well as the cost of human redemption. By meditating on the suffering and death of Jesus, Christians are invited to reflect on their own lives, recognizing the need for forgiveness and the importance of living in accordance with the Gospel.

See Also

• Passion of Jesus
• Good Friday
• Stations of the Cross
• Christianity
• Liturgy