Thumps

Thumps is a condition primarily observed in horses, characterized by involuntary spasmodic contractions of the diaphragm that produce a thumping sound, similar to hiccups in humans. This condition is scientifically known as synchronous diaphragmatic flutter (SDF). The thumping sound, which is the hallmark of this condition, is caused by the synchronous contraction of the diaphragm with the heartbeat, hence the name "thumps."

Causes and Risk Factors

Thumps in horses is often associated with electrolyte imbalances, particularly a deficiency in calcium, potassium, and sodium, which can be exacerbated by excessive sweating, prolonged exercise, stress, and dehydration. These imbalances affect the normal function of the diaphragm and can lead to the characteristic thumping sound. Additionally, conditions that lead to an increase in serum adrenaline can predispose horses to develop SDF.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of thumps is the audible thumping noise that coincides with the heartbeat, which can be heard without the aid of a stethoscope. This noise is the result of the diaphragm contracting simultaneously with the heart. Other symptoms may include signs of fatigue, dehydration, and general weakness. In severe cases, affected horses might display difficulty in breathing and an increased heart rate.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of thumps is primarily based on clinical signs and the characteristic thumping noise. Veterinarians may also perform blood tests to check for electrolyte imbalances and other underlying conditions that could contribute to the development of SDF.

Treatment

The treatment for thumps involves addressing the underlying causes, such as correcting electrolyte imbalances through the administration of intravenous fluids and electrolyte supplements. Rest and recovery in a cool environment are also crucial for affected horses. In cases where thumps are induced by extreme exercise, such as endurance racing, immediate cessation of the activity and cooling down the horse are essential steps in treatment.

Prevention

Preventative measures for thumps include ensuring that horses have access to adequate water and electrolyte supplements, especially during hot weather or when subjected to strenuous exercise. Proper conditioning and acclimatization to exercise can also reduce the risk of developing thumps.

See Also

• Horse care
• Electrolyte imbalance
• Diaphragm (anatomy)