Thymic stromal lymphopoietin

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TSLP gene. TSLP is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the maturation of T cell populations through activation of antigen presenting cells.

Function

TSLP is produced mainly by non-hematopoietic cells such as epithelial cells, fibroblasts and different types of stromal cells. These cells are located in regions where TSLP activity is required, such as the thymus, skin, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs.

TSLP acts on dendritic cells and macrophages, inducing them to express CD80 and CD86 co-stimulatory molecules and to produce Th2-attracting chemokines. This leads to the differentiation of naive T cells into Th2 cells, which produce IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. These cytokines contribute to the development of allergic inflammation and asthma.

Clinical significance

TSLP has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. It is also involved in the development of atopic dermatitis, asthma, and eosinophilic esophagitis.

In cancer immunology, TSLP has been shown to promote tumor growth and progression by creating a pro-inflammatory environment and suppressing anti-tumor immunity.

See also

• Cytokine
• T cell
• Antigen presenting cell
• Th2 cell
• Interleukin 4
• Interleukin 5
• Interleukin 13