Tiber

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Etymology
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The Tiber (Italian: Tevere) is the third-longest river in Italy, flowing 405 kilometers (252 miles) from its source at Mount Fumaiolo in the Apennine Mountains to its mouth at the Tyrrhenian Sea near Ostia. The river has played a crucial role in the history and development of Rome, which was founded on its banks.

Geography

The Tiber originates from two springs on Mount Fumaiolo, located in the Emilia-Romagna region. It flows through the regions of Umbria and Lazio, passing through cities such as Perugia and Rome. The river's basin covers an area of approximately 17,375 square kilometers (6,709 square miles).

The Tiber's course is characterized by a series of meanders and is fed by several tributaries, including the Aniene and the Nera. The river's flow is subject to seasonal variations, with higher water levels in the winter and spring due to rainfall and snowmelt.

Historical Significance

The Tiber has been central to the history of Rome since its founding. According to legend, the twins Romulus and Remus, founders of Rome, were abandoned on the river's banks and later rescued by a she-wolf. The river provided a natural defense and a means of transport and trade for the ancient city.

During the Roman Empire, the Tiber was a vital waterway for transporting goods, including grain from Egypt and other provinces. The river was also used for irrigation and as a source of drinking water.

Environmental Concerns

In recent years, the Tiber has faced environmental challenges, including pollution from urban runoff and industrial waste. Efforts have been made to improve water quality and restore the river's natural habitats.

Cultural References

The Tiber has been referenced in numerous works of literature and art. It is often depicted as a symbol of Rome and its enduring legacy. The river is mentioned in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy and has been the subject of paintings by artists such as Claude Lorrain.

Also see

• Rome
• Roman Empire
• Aniene River
• Tyrrhenian Sea
• Mount Fumaiolo