Tidung people

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Traditional marriage attire of Tidung people

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Languages of Kalimantan

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Baloy Mayo Adat Tidung (4)

Tidung people are an ethnic group native to the coastal and riverine areas of northeastern Borneo, primarily found in what is today the province of North Kalimantan, Indonesia, and the eastern part of Sabah, Malaysia. They are part of the larger Dayak group, known for their traditional ways of life that are closely tied to the rivers and forests of the region. The Tidung speak the Tidung language, which belongs to the Austronesian language family.

History

The Tidung people have a rich history that dates back centuries, with their society traditionally organized around small kingdoms or sultanates. One of the most notable was the Tidung Kingdom, which played a significant role in the region's history, engaging in trade and sometimes conflict with neighboring kingdoms and European colonial powers. The influence of Islam became prominent in the 15th century, shaping the culture and society of the Tidung people.

Culture

Tidung culture is marked by its connection to the natural environment, with traditional livelihoods including fishing, farming, and hunting. The community has a strong tradition of oral literature, including folk tales, songs, and proverbs, which are passed down through generations. Traditional music, dance, and the wearing of distinctive textiles are important aspects of Tidung cultural expression.

Marriage customs among the Tidung people are unique, including the practice of berian, a dowry system that is an essential part of their matrimonial traditions. The Tidung also have traditional laws and governance systems that regulate social life within their communities.

Religion

The majority of Tidung people practice Islam, which has been integrated into their traditional belief system and customs. Islamic teachings and practices influence their daily lives, community rituals, and ceremonies. However, elements of animism and ancestral worship can still be found, reflecting a syncretic blend of Islamic and indigenous beliefs.

Economy

The traditional economy of the Tidung people is based on agriculture, fishing, and the collection of forest products. In recent years, there has been a shift towards more modern forms of employment, including work in the urban centers of Borneo and beyond. Despite these changes, many Tidung communities continue to rely on the river and forest for their livelihoods, maintaining a close relationship with their environment.

Challenges

The Tidung people face several challenges, including issues related to land rights, deforestation, and the impacts of modernization and development on their traditional way of life. Efforts are being made to preserve Tidung culture and language, including educational programs and cultural festivals that celebrate Tidung heritage.

See also

• Dayak people
• Culture of Indonesia
• Ethnic groups in Malaysia