Tincture (heraldry)

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Heraldic tinctures diagram

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tinctures

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Solemn kanunnik brugge

Armoiries Bretagne - Arms of Brittany

Vair renversé

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Wappen Behnsdorf

Tincture in heraldry refers to the set of colors, metals, and furs used in the design of coats of arms. The use of tinctures has a long history, dating back to the medieval period, and they are essential for the symbolism, identification, and aesthetic of heraldic art. The rules and traditions surrounding the use of tinctures are complex and vary by culture, but they are fundamental to the practice of heraldry.

Tinctures in Heraldry

Heraldic tinctures are divided into several categories: metals, colors, and furs. Each category has its own set of rules for use and combination.

Metals

There are two metals used in heraldry:

• Or (Gold or Yellow) - Symbolizes generosity and elevation of the mind.
• Argent (Silver or White) - Represents peace and sincerity.

Colors

The main colors used are:

• Gules (Red) - Denotes warrior or martyr, representing military strength and magnanimity.
• Azure (Blue) - Signifies loyalty and truth.
• Vert (Green) - Symbolizes hope, joy, and loyalty in love.
• Sable (Black) - Indicates constancy or grief.
• Purpure (Purple) - Associated with royal majesty, sovereignty, and justice.
• Tenne (Tawny or Orange) and Sanguine (Blood Red) - These are less common and have varied interpretations.

Furs

Furs in heraldry represent a pattern rather than a color or metal, including:

• Ermine - A white background with black spots, symbolizing purity and light.
• Vair - A pattern resembling squirrel fur, alternating blue and white.

Rules of Tincture

The primary rule of tincture is the Rule of Tincture, which states that metal should not be placed on metal, nor color on color, to ensure sufficient contrast and visibility from a distance. This rule is fundamental in creating a visually effective and distinguishable coat of arms.

Symbolism

Tinctures carry deep symbolic meanings, often reflecting the values, achievements, or aspirations of the armiger (the person or entity bearing the coat of arms). The choice of tinctures, along with the charges (symbols) and ordinaries (basic geometric shapes), conveys a narrative or message about the armiger's identity.

Variations and Exceptions

While the traditional tinctures and their rules are widely adhered to, there are exceptions and variations, especially in different cultural contexts. For example, some heraldic traditions outside of Europe may incorporate additional colors or patterns with specific local significance.

See Also

• Coat of Arms
• Heraldic Charges
• Heraldic Ordinaries
• Rule of Tincture