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Thujone is a ketone and a monoterpenoid that is found in certain plants, most notably the Artemisia absinthium (wormwood). It is known for its psychoactive properties, which can cause hallucinations and other effects when consumed in large amounts.

History

Thujone was first isolated in 1845 by the German chemist Gottlieb Sigismund Constantin Kirchhoff. It was named after the genus Thuja, which includes species such as the Thuja occidentalis (northern white-cedar) that contain the compound.

Sources

Thujone is found in a variety of plants, including:

• Artemisia absinthium (wormwood)
• Salvia officinalis (sage)
• Thuja occidentalis (northern white-cedar)
• Tanacetum vulgare (tansy)
• Mentha spicata (spearmint)

Effects

Thujone is a GABA antagonist, meaning it inhibits the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid. This can lead to muscle spasms, sleep problems, and anxiety. In large amounts, thujone can cause hallucinations and other psychoactive effects.

Safety

The safety of thujone is a subject of controversy. While it is generally considered safe in small amounts, large doses can be toxic and can cause serious health problems, including kidney failure, seizures, and death.

Legal status

The legal status of thujone varies by country. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits the amount of thujone that can be present in food and beverages. In the European Union, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has set maximum levels for thujone in food and beverages.

See also

• Absinthe
• Terpenoid
• Neurotoxin

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