Trochlea of humerus

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The trochlea of humerus is a structure located at the distal end of the humerus, one of the long bones in the upper limb. It is a grooved, spool-shaped articular surface that articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna to form part of the elbow joint.

Anatomy

The trochlea of the humerus is situated medially on the distal humerus, adjacent to the capitulum of humerus, which articulates with the head of the radius. The trochlea is characterized by its deep groove, which is flanked by two prominent ridges. This groove accommodates the trochlear notch of the ulna, allowing for the hinge-like motion of the elbow joint.

Function

The primary function of the trochlea of the humerus is to facilitate the flexion and extension movements of the forearm at the elbow joint. The congruent articulation between the trochlea and the trochlear notch of the ulna ensures stability and smooth motion during these movements.

Clinical Significance

Injuries or conditions affecting the trochlea of the humerus can significantly impair elbow function. Common issues include fractures of the distal humerus, arthritis, and dislocations. Proper alignment and articulation of the trochlea are crucial for maintaining the range of motion and strength of the elbow joint.

Related Structures

• Humerus
• Ulna
• Radius
• Elbow joint
• Trochlear notch
• Capitulum of humerus

See Also

• Anatomy of the human arm
• Skeletal system
• Musculoskeletal system