Tropaeolum

TropaeolumMajusOrange

Nasturtium-Tropaeolum

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Nasturtium -- Tropaeolum

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Yellow and red Tropaeolum majus (Garden nasturtium)

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Tropaeolum peregrinum0

Tropaeolum polyphyllum

Tropaeolum, commonly known as nasturtium, is a genus of roughly 80 species of annual and perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the family Tropaeolaceae. The genus is native to South and Central America, but species have been widely cultivated and naturalized in various parts of the world. Tropaeolum is notable for its vibrant flowers and shield-shaped leaves, with some species being popular in gardens and as edible plants.

Description

Tropaeolum species range from herbaceous annual plants to perennials and can be climbing or bushy in nature. The leaves are typically peltate, meaning the leaf stalk attaches to the center of the leaf, giving it a shield-like appearance. Flowers are usually trumpet-shaped, comprising five petals in a wide range of colors from yellow to red and orange. They are distinctive for their long nectar spur, which is an elongated backward projection from the base of the flower.

Cultivation and Uses

Tropaeolum majus, the common nasturtium, is the most widely cultivated species. It is valued not only for its aesthetic appeal but also for its culinary uses. The flowers and leaves are edible, with a peppery flavor similar to watercress. The seeds can be pickled and used as a caper substitute. Tropaeolum prefers well-drained soil and a sunny position but can thrive in a variety of soil types and conditions. It is often used in gardens for its ornamental value and its ability to attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies.

Medicinal Properties

Historically, Tropaeolum has been used in traditional medicine for its antiseptic and expectorant properties. It is believed to have a range of health benefits, including the ability to treat respiratory infections and to boost the immune system. However, scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited.

Species

Some notable species within the genus Tropaeolum include:

• Tropaeolum majus – Common Nasturtium
• Tropaeolum peregrinum – Canary Creeper
• Tropaeolum speciosum – Flame Flower or Scottish Flame Flower

Ecology

Tropaeolum species can have both positive and negative impacts on local ecosystems. While they are valuable for attracting beneficial pollinators, some species, such as Tropaeolum majus, can become invasive in certain environments, outcompeting native flora.

Conservation

Conservation efforts for Tropaeolum species primarily focus on habitat preservation and the control of invasive populations. The cultivation of Tropaeolum in gardens supports biodiversity by providing nectar sources for pollinators.

Gallery

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See Also

• Edible flowers
• Herbaceous plant
• Perennial plant
• Annual plant