Turnip Winter

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Kohlr%C3%BCbenkarte stadt erfurt 1917

Turnip Winter (German: Steckrübenwinter) refers to the period during the winter of 1916-1917 in Germany during World War I when the civilian population faced severe food shortages. This period is named after the widespread consumption of turnips, which became a staple food due to the scarcity of other foodstuffs.

Background

The Allied blockade of Germany during World War I significantly restricted the import of food and other essential goods into Germany. The blockade, combined with poor harvests and the diversion of agricultural resources to support the war effort, led to a severe food crisis. By the winter of 1916-1917, the situation had become dire, and the German population was forced to rely heavily on turnips, which were typically used as animal fodder, as a primary food source.

Impact on the Population

The reliance on turnips had significant nutritional and psychological effects on the German population. Turnips, while providing some sustenance, lacked the necessary nutrients to maintain a healthy diet. This led to widespread malnutrition and weakened the overall health of the population. The monotony of a turnip-based diet also had a demoralizing effect on the civilian population, contributing to declining morale and increasing discontent with the war.

Government Response

The German government attempted to address the food crisis through various measures, including rationing and the establishment of the War Food Office (Kriegsernährungsamt). However, these efforts were largely insufficient to alleviate the widespread hunger and suffering experienced during the Turnip Winter.

Legacy

The Turnip Winter is often cited as a significant factor in the eventual collapse of the German home front and the broader discontent that contributed to the end of World War I. It highlighted the vulnerabilities of the German war economy and the severe impact of the Allied blockade. The hardships endured during this period left a lasting impression on the German population and are remembered as a symbol of the suffering experienced during the war.

See Also

• World War I
• Allied blockade of Germany
• War Food Office
• German home front during World War I

Further Reading

• World War I
• Allied blockade of Germany
• German home front during World War I