Ulnar drift

Ulnar Drift or Ulnar Deviation refers to a medical condition characterized by the movement of the fingers towards the ulna, which is one of the two major bones in the forearm. This condition is most commonly associated with various forms of arthritis, particularly rheumatoid arthritis, leading to a deformity in the hands. Ulnar drift can significantly impact an individual's ability to perform daily activities, affecting grip strength and hand function.

Causes

The primary cause of ulnar drift is the destruction of the joint structures and ligaments in the hand due to inflammatory processes. In diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, the inflammation leads to the weakening and eventual destruction of the ligaments and joint capsule that support the fingers. This process allows the extensor tendons, which run along the back of the hand and fingers, to exert a pulling force that directs the fingers towards the ulna.

Symptoms

Symptoms of ulnar drift include:

• Visible deviation of the fingers towards the ulna
• Difficulty in gripping objects or performing fine motor tasks
• Pain and discomfort in the hand, especially when trying to straighten the fingers or grip objects
• Swelling and stiffness in the fingers and hand

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ulnar drift typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare professional, who will observe the physical appearance of the hand and the degree of finger deviation. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, can be used to assess the extent of joint damage and to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for ulnar drift aims to manage symptoms and prevent further progression of the condition. Options include:

• Physical therapy and occupational therapy to maintain hand function and strength
• Use of splints or orthotic devices to support the fingers and prevent further deviation
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and pain
• In severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered to correct the deformity or replace the affected joints

Prevention

While it may not be possible to prevent ulnar drift in individuals with underlying conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, early diagnosis and treatment of these conditions can help manage symptoms and potentially slow the progression of the deformity.

See Also

• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Hand Deformities
• Physical Therapy
• Occupational Therapy