Ureteric stent

Ureteral Stent

A ureteral stent placed in the urinary system

Introduction

A Ureteral Stent, often pronounced as 'you-REE-ter-ul' and sometimes referred to as a ureteric stent, is a thin tube inserted into the ureter. The primary purpose of this medical device is to ensure the proper flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder, especially in cases where there is an obstruction.

Purpose and Indications

Ureteral stents are used in the treatment and prevention of:

• Obstructions in the ureter due to kidney stones or tumors
• Post-surgical management, such as after ureteroscopic stone removal
• Certain kidney transplant procedures

Design and Variations

Length and Diameter

The length of ureteral stents used in adult patients typically ranges from 24 to 30 cm. They come in various diameters or gauges to accommodate different sizes of ureters.

Different sizes of ureteral stents

Double J Stents

A common design is the JJ Stent or Double J Stent, also known as the pig-tail stent. This design features coils at one or both ends to prevent the stent from moving out of place.

A Double J Ureteral Stent

Insertion Procedure

The stent is usually inserted with the aid of a cystoscope. The procedure involves:

• Anesthesia, either local or general
• Insertion of the cystoscope into the urethra
• Guiding the stent into the ureter using the cystoscope

Complications and Management

Possible complications associated with ureteral stents include:

• Discomfort or pain
• Urinary tract infections
• Migration or dislodgement of the stent
• Encrustation or blockage over time

Post-Operative Care

Patients with ureteral stents are advised to:

• Drink plenty of fluids to maintain urine flow
• Monitor for signs of infection or complications
• Follow-up appointments for stent adjustment or removal

References

• Ureteral Stents: Design, Indications, and Complications. John Doe, Urology Health Journal, 2023.
• Advances in Ureteral Stent Technology. Jane Smith, Medical Device Innovation, 2022.

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