Vacuum extraction

Vacuum extraction is a method used in obstetrics, specifically in the second stage of labor, to assist the delivery of a baby. This procedure is also known as ventouse-assisted delivery.

Procedure

The vacuum extraction procedure involves the application of a soft or rigid cup to the fetal head. A vacuum pump then creates suction, which allows the obstetrician to gently pull the baby out of the birth canal. This method is typically used when labor is not progressing adequately, or if the baby's health requires an immediate delivery.

Indications

Vacuum extraction is often used when the mother is unable to effectively push the baby out, or when the baby's health is at risk. Some specific situations where vacuum extraction might be used include prolonged second stage of labor, maternal exhaustion, or fetal distress.

Risks and Complications

While vacuum extraction can be a helpful tool in certain situations, it is not without risks. Potential complications for the baby can include scalp injuries, shoulder dystocia, and rarely, more serious injuries such as intracranial hemorrhage. For the mother, potential complications can include perineal trauma, postpartum hemorrhage, and in rare cases, uterine rupture.

Alternatives

If vacuum extraction is not successful, or if it is not an appropriate option, other methods of assisted delivery may be considered. These can include forceps delivery or a cesarean section.

See Also

• Obstetrics
• Labor (childbirth)
• Forceps in childbirth
• Cesarean section

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