Diclazuril

Diclazuril

Diclazuril is an antiprotozoal agent used primarily in the treatment of coccidiosis, a parasitic disease affecting a variety of animals. It is a member of the benzeneacetonitrile group of compounds and is commercially available under various trade names, including Clinacox, Vecoxan, and Tolcox.

Chemistry

Diclazuril is a synthetic compound with the chemical formula C17H9Cl3N4O2. It is a white, crystalline powder that is slightly soluble in water and most organic solvents. The compound's structure includes a triazinone ring, which is believed to be responsible for its antiprotozoal activity.

Mechanism of Action

The exact mechanism of action of diclazuril is not fully understood. However, it is believed to inhibit the nuclear division and wall-forming bodies in the protozoa, leading to their death. Diclazuril is effective against all intracellular developmental stages of Eimeria, the genus of parasites that cause coccidiosis.

Uses

Diclazuril is used in veterinary medicine to control and treat coccidiosis in poultry, rabbits, calves, lambs, and goats. It is administered orally, usually mixed with feed, and is effective against a broad spectrum of Eimeria species.

Safety and Side Effects

Diclazuril is generally considered safe for use in animals. However, some side effects, such as reduced feed intake and weight gain, have been reported. As with all medications, it should be used under the supervision of a veterinarian.

Regulation

In many countries, the use of diclazuril in food-producing animals is regulated to prevent residues in food products. Withdrawal periods, the time between the last administration of the drug and the slaughter of the animal for food, are established to ensure that residues are below the maximum residue limit.

See Also

• Antiprotozoal agent
• Coccidiosis
• Eimeria
• Veterinary medicine