Vesiculo-vacuolar organelle

Vesiculo-vacuolar organelle (VVO) is a structure found in the endothelial cells of blood vessels. It is believed to play a crucial role in the process of transendothelial migration, which is the movement of various substances and cells from the bloodstream into the surrounding tissues.

Structure

The vesiculo-vacuolar organelle is composed of a network of interconnected vesicles and vacuoles. These structures are often found near the cell membrane of endothelial cells, particularly in areas where these cells are in contact with each other.

Function

The primary function of the vesiculo-vacuolar organelle is to facilitate transendothelial migration. This process is essential for the delivery of nutrients and immune cells to tissues, as well as for the removal of waste products. The VVO is thought to form temporary transcellular channels that allow for the passage of substances and cells across the endothelial cell layer.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the structure or function of the vesiculo-vacuolar organelle can have significant clinical implications. For example, increased activity of the VVO has been associated with the spread of cancer cells, a process known as metastasis. On the other hand, impaired function of the VVO may contribute to conditions such as edema, which is characterized by excessive fluid accumulation in the tissues.

See also

• Endothelial cell
• Transendothelial migration
• Vesicle
• Vacuole
• Cell membrane
• Transcellular transport
• Cancer
• Metastasis
• Edema

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