Vitreous

Vitreous is a clear, gel-like substance that fills the space in the middle of the eyeball. It is composed mostly of water and gives the eye its form and shape. The vitreous is located behind the lens and in front of the retina, the light-sensitive layer of the eye.

Composition

The vitreous is composed of 99% water, with the remaining 1% consisting of collagen, hyaluronic acid, inorganic salts, sugars, and a network of collagen type II fibers. These fibers are responsible for maintaining the shape and consistency of the vitreous.

Function

The primary function of the vitreous is to provide structural support to the eye. It helps to maintain the round shape of the eye and also acts as a shock absorber to protect the retina. The vitreous also plays a role in the transport of nutrients and waste products between the retina and the blood vessels in the back of the eye.

Clinical significance

Changes in the vitreous can lead to a number of eye conditions. For example, as people age, the vitreous often shrinks and can pull away from the retina, a condition known as posterior vitreous detachment. This can lead to retinal detachment, a serious condition that can cause blindness if not treated promptly.

Other conditions related to the vitreous include vitreous hemorrhage, where blood leaks into the vitreous, and vitreous floaters, small specks or clouds that move in your field of vision as a result of changes in the vitreous.

See also

• Eye
• Retina
• Lens (anatomy)