Wave power

Wave power is the capture of energy from wind waves to do useful work – for example, electricity generation, water desalination, or the pumping of water (into reservoirs). Wave power is distinct from the diurnal flux of tidal power and the steady gyre of ocean currents. Wave-power generation is not currently a widely employed commercial technology, although there have been attempts to use it since at least 1890.

History

The first known patent to use energy from ocean waves dates back to 1799, and was filed in Paris by Girard and his son. An early application of wave power was for the operation of lighthouses. In the 20th century, the process of using wave energy to produce electricity was pursued by various inventors and projects.

Principles of wave power

Wave power is produced by the up and down motion of floating devices placed on the surface of the ocean. This motion is used to drive electromechanical or hydraulic energy converters to generate electricity.

Wave power devices

There are several types of wave power devices, including point absorbers, attenuators, overtopping devices, and oscillating wave surge converters. These devices can be located in nearshore, offshore, or far offshore locations, depending on the design.

Challenges and future prospects

Despite its potential, wave power is not yet a widely employed renewable energy technology, mainly due to the harsh marine environment, the difficulty of capturing wave energy efficiently, and the relatively high cost of wave power devices. However, with ongoing research and development, wave power has the potential to become a significant source of renewable energy in the future.

See also

• Renewable energy
• Ocean energy
• Tidal power
• Wind power