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Viscerotropic leishmaniasis is a form of leishmaniasis, a disease caused by protozoan parasites that belong to the genus Leishmania. This form of leishmaniasis affects the internal organs, particularly the spleen, liver, and bone marrow.

Etiology[edit | edit source]

Viscerotropic leishmaniasis is caused by several species of Leishmania, including Leishmania donovani, Leishmania infantum, and Leishmania chagasi. These parasites are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female sandflies.

Clinical Features[edit | edit source]

The disease is characterized by irregular bouts of fever, substantial weight loss, swelling of the spleen and liver, and anemia. If left untreated, viscerotropic leishmaniasis can be fatal.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis is made by identifying Leishmania parasites in a sample from the bone marrow or spleen. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test is also used to detect Leishmania DNA.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment involves the administration of antiparasitic drugs, including pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, and miltefosine.

Epidemiology[edit | edit source]

Viscerotropic leishmaniasis is found in specific areas around the world, including parts of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Brazil.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention strategies include controlling the sandfly population and protecting individuals from sandfly bites.

See Also[edit | edit source]

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