XMPP

XMPP

XMPP, which stands for Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol, is a communication protocol used for real-time messaging, presence information, and online collaboration. It is an open standard protocol based on XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and is widely used for instant messaging, voice and video calls, and IoT (Internet of Things) applications.

History

XMPP was originally developed by Jeremie Miller in the late 1990s as Jabber, an open-source instant messaging (IM) system. It was designed to be decentralized, allowing users to communicate with each other regardless of the IM service provider they were using. In 2002, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standardized the protocol as XMPP, making it an official Internet standard.

Features

XMPP offers a range of features that make it a versatile and powerful communication protocol:

1. **Instant Messaging**: XMPP enables real-time messaging between users, allowing them to exchange text, multimedia, and other data.

2. **Presence Information**: XMPP provides presence information, which indicates the availability and status of users. This allows users to see if their contacts are online, busy, away, or offline.

3. **Group Chat**: XMPP supports group chat functionality, allowing multiple users to participate in a single conversation.

4. **Voice and Video Calls**: XMPP can be extended to support voice and video calls, making it suitable for applications such as video conferencing and online collaboration.

5. **Extensibility**: XMPP is highly extensible, allowing developers to add new features and functionalities through the use of extensions and plugins.

Architecture

XMPP follows a client-server architecture, where clients (such as instant messaging applications) connect to XMPP servers. The servers handle the routing and delivery of messages between clients. The protocol uses a decentralized model, meaning that users can choose their own XMPP server and still communicate with users on other servers.

Usage

XMPP is widely used in various applications and services, including:

1. **Instant Messaging**: Many popular instant messaging applications, such as WhatsApp and Google Hangouts, use XMPP as their underlying protocol.

2. **Internet of Things (IoT)**: XMPP is used in IoT applications for device-to-device communication, enabling smart devices to exchange data and control commands.

3. **Collaboration Tools**: XMPP is utilized in collaborative platforms and team communication tools, allowing users to work together in real-time.

4. **Voice and Video Conferencing**: XMPP extensions like Jingle enable voice and video calls, making it suitable for online meetings and conferences.

Categories

XMPP can be categorized under the following topics:

- Communication Protocols - Instant Messaging - Internet of Things - Collaboration Tools - Real-time Communication

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See Also

• Jabber
• Instant Messaging
• Internet of Things
• Real-time Communication