Xanthophylls

Xanthophylls are a class of oxygen-containing carotenoids, which are natural pigments found in many fruits and vegetables. They play a crucial role in plant health and human nutrition.

Overview

Xanthophylls are derived from carotenes by the introduction of oxygen atoms into the molecular structure. They are responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors of many fruits and vegetables. The most common xanthophylls include lutein, zeaxanthin, and beta-cryptoxanthin.

Role in Plants

In plants, xanthophylls play a key role in photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. They absorb light in the blue-green and green part of the visible light spectrum, and help in energy dissipation within the chloroplasts.

Role in Human Health

In human health, xanthophylls are known for their antioxidant properties. They help protect the body against damage from harmful free radicals. Lutein and zeaxanthin, in particular, are known to support eye health and may reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration.

Dietary Sources

Dietary sources of xanthophylls include green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale, as well as yellow and orange fruits and vegetables like carrots, oranges, and peaches. They can also be found in egg yolks and some types of seafood.

See Also

• Carotenoids
• Photosynthesis
• Antioxidants
• Macular degeneration