Xerocomus subtomentosus

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Ziegenlippe Xerocomus subtomentosus

Xerocomus subtomentosus, commonly known as the suede bolete, is a species of mushroom belonging to the Boletaceae family. This fungus is widely distributed across Europe and has been found in various parts of North America, thriving in deciduous and coniferous forests where it forms symbiotic relationships with living trees by facilitating nutrient exchange through mycorrhizal associations. Characterized by its brown to yellow-brown cap, yellow pores, and a stem that features a network-like pattern, Xerocomus subtomentosus is distinguishable from other boletes by its velvety cap surface and the tendency of its flesh to bruise blue when damaged.

Description

Xerocomus subtomentosus mushrooms have caps that typically measure 4 to 10 cm in diameter, initially convex before flattening out with age. The cap surface is velvety, ranging in color from olive-brown to yellow-brown. The pores on the underside of the cap are small and round, initially pale yellow before turning olive-green with age. The stem, measuring 4 to 8 cm in height and 1 to 2 cm in thickness, is colored similarly to the cap and adorned with a fine, net-like pattern, especially towards the top. When cut or bruised, the flesh of the mushroom exhibits a characteristic blue discoloration, although this reaction may be slow or subtle in some specimens.

Habitat and Distribution

Xerocomus subtomentosus is a ectomycorrhizal fungus, forming beneficial associations with a wide range of tree species, including both deciduous trees such as oaks and beeches, and coniferous trees like pines and spruces. It is commonly found in temperate forests across Europe, from the British Isles to Russia, and has also been reported in North America. This species prefers well-drained soils and is often encountered in mixed forests, parks, and woodland edges from summer to autumn.

Edibility

The suede bolete is considered edible, though not highly esteemed due to its somewhat bland taste and the tendency of its flesh to become slimy when cooked. It is often used in mixed mushroom dishes and can be dried for later use. As with all wild mushrooms, proper identification is crucial before consumption to avoid confusion with potentially toxic species.

Conservation

While Xerocomus subtomentosus is not currently listed as endangered or threatened, its presence is dependent on the health of forest ecosystems. Habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change could potentially impact its populations. Conservation efforts aimed at preserving natural forests and promoting biodiversity are essential for the continued survival of this and other mycorrhizal fungi species.