Xigduo Xr

Xigduo XR is a prescription medication used in the management of Type 2 diabetes. It is a combination drug that contains dapagliflozin and metformin extended-release. This medication is designed to improve blood sugar control in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus when treatment with both dapagliflozin and metformin is appropriate.

Composition and Mechanism of Action

Xigduo XR combines two active ingredients, dapagliflozin and metformin, which work together to improve glycemic control in individuals with Type 2 diabetes.

• Dapagliflozin belongs to a class of drugs known as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. It works by blocking the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, leading to its excretion in the urine, which lowers blood sugar levels.
• Metformin is a biguanide that works by decreasing glucose production in the liver, decreasing glucose absorption in the intestines, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

Indications

Xigduo XR is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is used when treatment with both dapagliflozin and metformin is appropriate.

Dosage and Administration

Xigduo XR is available in several dosage strengths, allowing for flexibility in dosing. The dose of Xigduo XR should be individualized based on the patient's current regimen, effectiveness, and tolerability. It is taken once daily with meals to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects associated with metformin.

Contraindications

Xigduo XR is contraindicated in patients with:

• Severe renal impairment, end-stage renal disease, or dialysis
• Metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis
• Known hypersensitivity to dapagliflozin, metformin, or any of the excipients in the product

Side Effects

Common side effects of Xigduo XR include genital yeast infections, urinary tract infections, nasopharyngitis, and increased urination. More serious side effects may include lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, kidney problems, and dehydration.

Precautions

Before taking Xigduo XR, patients should inform their healthcare provider about all their medical conditions, including if they have liver or kidney problems, are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed.

Drug Interactions

Xigduo XR may interact with other medications, which can affect how it works or increase the risk of serious side effects. It is important to inform healthcare providers about all medications, vitamins, and supplements being taken.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetic properties of Xigduo XR involve the combined actions of dapagliflozin and metformin. Dapagliflozin is primarily metabolized by UGT1A9 to a less active metabolite, while metformin is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged in the urine.

Conclusion

Xigduo XR is an effective treatment option for adults with Type 2 diabetes, offering the convenience of combining two antidiabetic medications in a single tablet. As with any medication, it is important to use Xigduo XR under the guidance of a healthcare provider to ensure its safe and effective use.