Xyleborus glabratus

Xyleborus_glabratus_dorsal_view

Xyleborus glabratus

Xyleborus glabratus is a species of ambrosia beetle native to Asia. It is a significant pest of avocado trees (Persea americana) in the southeastern United States. The beetle is known to carry a fungal pathogen, Raffaelea lauricola, which causes laurel wilt disease in avocado trees.

Description

Xyleborus glabratus is a small, dark brown beetle measuring about 2-3 millimeters in length. It has a cylindrical body with a distinct head and thorax. The beetle's larvae develop within galleries they create in the wood of host trees.

Distribution

Originally native to Asia, Xyleborus glabratus was first detected in the United States in the early 2000s. It has since spread to several southeastern states, including Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina.

Life Cycle

Adult female Xyleborus glabratus beetles bore into the bark of host trees to create galleries where they lay their eggs. The larvae feed on the wood as they develop, eventually emerging as adults to continue the life cycle.

Impact

The presence of Xyleborus glabratus has had devastating effects on avocado orchards in the southeastern United States. Infested trees exhibit symptoms of wilting and dieback, ultimately leading to tree mortality. The spread of laurel wilt disease by this beetle poses a significant threat to the avocado industry in the region.

Management

Efforts to control the spread of Xyleborus glabratus and laurel wilt disease include monitoring and early detection of infestations, as well as the removal and destruction of infested trees to prevent further spread. Research is ongoing to develop effective management strategies to protect avocado trees from this destructive pest.