Zip

Zip

The zip is a commonly used device for binding the edges of an opening of fabric or other flexible material, like on a garment or a bag. It is used in clothing (e.g., jackets and jeans), luggage and other bags, sporting goods, camping gear (e.g., tents and sleeping bags), and other items. Zips are also known as zippers in North America.

History

The concept of a zip was first introduced by Elias Howe in 1851, who received a patent for an "Automatic, Continuous Clothing Closure". However, he did not market it and missed the opportunity to become the actual inventor of the zipper. It was later developed into a practical form in 1893 by Whitcomb L. Judson, who exhibited it at the Chicago World's Fair and marketed it as a "Clasp Locker". The modern zipper design was improved by Gideon Sundback in 1913, who increased the number of fastening elements from four per inch to ten or eleven, introduced two facing rows of teeth that pulled into a single piece by the slider, and increased the opening for the teeth guided by the slider.

Design

A zip consists of two rows of protruding teeth, which are made to interlock by pulling a slider along them. The teeth are typically made of metal, plastic, or sometimes rubber, and are mounted on a strip of fabric. The slider, operated by hand, moves along the rows of teeth to open or close the zip. Some zips include a locking mechanism which prevents the zip from sliding open until the tab is lifted.

Types

There are several types of zips:

• Coil zips - The teeth are made from a coil of wire sewn onto the zip tape. This type is flexible and commonly used in clothing.
• Metal zips - These are made from metal and are very durable. They are often used in jeans and other heavy-duty clothing.
• Invisible zips - These are designed to be hidden within the seam of the garment, showing only a minimal amount of the zip mechanism.
• Waterproof zips - These are typically coated with a layer of rubber or plastic that prevents water from passing through.

Applications

Zips are used in a variety of applications beyond clothing, including in bags, sporting equipment, and other enclosed items. The versatility and reliability of zips have made them an essential component in the fashion and textile industries.

Maintenance

Maintaining a zip involves periodic cleaning to remove dirt and debris, which can cause the zip to stick or break. Lubricating the teeth with graphite or a silicone spray can help maintain smooth operation. It is also important to ensure that the fabric around the zip is not caught in the slider, as this can lead to damage.

See also

• Button
• Velcro
• Snap fastener