1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is a chlorocarbon and a halogenated hydrocarbon, specifically a tetrachloroethane. It is a colorless liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor, and is used as a solvent and in the production of wood stains and varnishes.

Chemical Properties

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane has the chemical formula C2H2Cl4 and a molecular weight of 167.85 g/mol. It is nonflammable and has a boiling point of 146.5°C. It is slightly soluble in water and is stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Uses

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is primarily used as a solvent for fats, oils, waxes, resins, and alkaloids. It is also used in the production of wood stains and varnishes, and as a refrigerant. In the past, it was used as a grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

Health Effects

Exposure to 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It can also cause central nervous system depression, liver damage, and kidney damage. Long-term exposure can lead to chronic bronchitis, pulmonary edema, and hepatic cirrhosis. It is considered a potential occupational carcinogen.

Environmental Impact

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is released into the environment through various waste streams. It can leach into groundwater and contaminate drinking water sources. It is also a potent greenhouse gas with a high global warming potential.

Regulation

In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the use and disposal of 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. It is classified as a Hazardous Air Pollutant under the Clean Air Act.

Chemical structure of 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

See Also

• Chlorocarbons
• Halogenated hydrocarbons
• Environmental toxicology