11-deoxycortisol
A steroid hormone and precursor in the biosynthesis of cortisol
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| PubChem | 91450 |
| ChemSpider | 82548 |
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11-Deoxycortisol, also known as cortexolone, is a steroid hormone that serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cortisol, a vital glucocorticoid hormone produced in the adrenal cortex. It is a member of the pregnane class of corticosteroids.
Biosynthesis[edit | edit source]
11-Deoxycortisol is synthesized from 17α-hydroxyprogesterone through the action of the enzyme 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. This conversion is a crucial step in the steroidogenesis pathway leading to the production of cortisol.
Function[edit | edit source]
While 11-deoxycortisol itself does not have significant biological activity, it is an important precursor in the synthesis of cortisol. Cortisol plays a critical role in the regulation of metabolism, immune response, and stress response. The conversion of 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Elevated levels of 11-deoxycortisol can be indicative of certain medical conditions, such as Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency. In this condition, the impaired conversion of 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol leads to an accumulation of 11-deoxycortisol and other steroid precursors, resulting in hormonal imbalances.
11-Deoxycortisol levels can be measured in the blood to aid in the diagnosis of adrenal disorders. The metyrapone test is a diagnostic test that involves the administration of metyrapone, a drug that inhibits 11β-hydroxylase, to assess the function of the adrenal cortex by measuring the accumulation of 11-deoxycortisol.
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