2'-fucosyllactose

2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is a human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), which is a type of complex carbohydrate found in human breast milk. It is the most abundant HMO and plays a crucial role in the development of the infant's immune system and gut microbiota.

Structure and Synthesis

2'-Fucosyllactose is a trisaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, and fucose. The synthesis of 2'-FL in the mammary gland involves the enzyme fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2), which transfers a fucose molecule to lactose.

Functions

2'-Fucosyllactose has several important functions in the infant's body:

• Gut microbiota modulation: 2'-FL serves as a prebiotic, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium species in the infant's gut. This helps to establish a healthy gut microbiota, which is important for the infant's immune system development and overall health.

• Immune system development: 2'-FL has been shown to enhance immune responses and protect against pathogenic bacteria and viruses. It also has anti-inflammatory properties.

• Cognitive development: Some studies suggest that 2'-FL may support brain development and cognitive function, although more research is needed in this area.

Health Benefits

Research has shown that 2'-Fucosyllactose has potential health benefits, including:

• Protection against infections: 2'-FL may help to protect infants against gastrointestinal and respiratory infections.

• Allergy prevention: Some studies suggest that 2'-FL may help to reduce the risk of developing allergies and atopic diseases.

• Gut health: By promoting a healthy gut microbiota, 2'-FL may support digestive health and prevent conditions such as colic and constipation.

See Also

• Human milk oligosaccharides
• Fucosyltransferase 2
• Bifidobacterium
• Gut microbiota